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Economics · All Words

IGCSE Economics core vocabulary list, 197 essential words covering spelling, fill-in-the-blank and card-matching practice modes.

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Capital
Capital
Capital
Consumption
Consumption
Consumption
Consumer Goods
Consumer Goods
Consumer Goods
Demerit Goods
Demerit Goods
Demerit Goods
Economic Rent
Economic Rent
Economic Rent
Economy
Economy
Economy
Enterprise
Enterprise
Enterprise
Exchange
Exchange
Exchange
Factors of Production
Factors of Production
Factors of Production
Fixed Capital
Fixed Capital
Fixed Capital
Free Goods
Free Goods
Free Goods
Goods
Goods
Goods
Labour
Labour
Labour
Merit Goods
Merit Goods
Merit Goods
Needs
Needs
Needs
opportunity Cost
opportunity Cost
/ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti kɒst/ opportunity cost 选择一种方案而放弃的最大价值
Production Possibility Curve
Production Possibility Curve
Production Possibility Curve
Public Goods
Public Goods
Public Goods
Resources
Resources
Resources
Scarcity
Scarcity
/ˈskeəsəti/ scarcity 资源有限而欲望无限的矛盾
Services
Services
Services
Transfer Earnings
Transfer Earnings
Transfer Earnings
Wants
Wants
Wants
Working Capital
Working Capital
Working Capital
Markets
Markets
Markets
Land
Land
Land
Complementary goods
Complementary goods
/ˌkɒmplɪˈmentri ɡʊdz/ complementary goods 一起使用的商品
Contraction in demand
Contraction in demand
Contraction in demand
Contraction in supply
Contraction in supply
Contraction in supply
Cross elasticity of demand
Cross elasticity of demand
Cross elasticity of demand
Demand
Demand
/dɪˈmɑːnd/ demand 消费者愿意且能够购买的数量
Diminishing Marginal utility
Diminishing Marginal utility
Diminishing Marginal utility
Effective Demand
Effective Demand
Effective Demand
Elasticity
Elasticity
/ˌiːlæˈstɪsəti/ elasticity 需求量对价格变化的敏感程度
Equilibrium
Equilibrium
/ˌiːkwɪˈlɪbriəm/ equilibrium 供给与需求相等的状态
Excess Demand
Excess Demand
Excess Demand
Excess Supply
Excess Supply
Excess Supply
Extension in demand
Extension in demand
Extension in demand
Extension in supply
Extension in supply
Extension in supply
External costs
External costs
External costs
External benefits
External benefits
External benefits
Individual Demand
Individual Demand
Individual Demand
Inferior goods
Inferior goods
/ɪnˈfɪəriər ɡʊdz/ inferior goods 收入增加时需求减少的商品
Marginal Utility
Marginal Utility
/ˈmɑːdʒɪnl juːˈtɪləti/ marginal utility 消费额外一单位商品带来的效用
Market Demand
Market Demand
Market Demand
Price elastic demand
Price elastic demand
Price elastic demand
Price inelastic demand
Price inelastic demand
Price inelastic demand
Price elastic supply
Price elastic supply
Price elastic supply
Price inelastic supply
Price inelastic supply
Price inelastic supply
Private costs
Private costs
Private costs
Private benefits
Private benefits
Private benefits
Social costs
Social costs
Social costs
Social benefits
Social benefits
Social benefits
Substitute goods
Substitute goods
/ˈsʌbstɪtjuːt ɡʊdz/ substitute goods 可以相互替代的商品
Supply
Supply
/səˈplaɪ/ supply 生产者愿意且能够提供的数量
Unitary elasticity
Unitary elasticity
Unitary elasticity
Utility
Utility
/juːˈtɪləti/ utility 商品给消费者带来的满足感
Barter
Barter
Barter
Cash
Cash
Cash
Central bank
Central bank
/ˈsentrəl bæŋk/ central bank 管理货币政策的银行
Checking account
Checking account
Checking account
Commercial bank
Commercial bank
/kəˈmɜːʃl bæŋk/ commercial bank 提供金融服务的银行
Credit card
Credit card
Credit card
Current account
Current account
/ˈkʌrənt əˈkaʊnt/ current account 商品和服务的进出口记录
Debit card
Debit card
Debit card
Disposable income
Disposable income
Disposable income
Liquidity
Liquidity
Liquidity
Money
Money
/ˈmʌni/ money 充当交换媒介的物品
Money supply
Money supply
/ˈmʌni səˈplaɪ/ money supply 经济中货币的总量
Piece rate
Piece rate
Piece rate
Salary
Salary
Salary
Specialisation
Specialisation
Specialisation
Stock exchange
Stock exchange
/stɒk ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/ stock exchange 股票交易的市场
Trades union
Trades union
Trades union
Wage
Wage
Wage
Wealth
Wealth
Wealth
Average cost
Average cost
/ˈævərɪdʒ kɒst/ average cost 总成本除以总产量
Average fixed costs
Average fixed costs
Average fixed costs
Average revenue
Average revenue
Average revenue
Average variable costs
Average variable costs
Average variable costs
Break-even Point
Break-even Point
Break-even Point
Cartel
Cartel
Cartel
Co-operative
Co-operative
Co-operative
Costs
Costs
Costs
Diseconomies of scale
Diseconomies of scale
/ˌdɪsɪˈkɒnəmiz əv skeɪl/ diseconomies of scale 产量增加导致平均成本上升
Diminishing returns to labour
Diminishing returns to labour
Diminishing returns to labour
Division of labour
Division of labour
Division of labour
Economies of scale
Economies of scale
/ɪˈkɒnəmiz əv skeɪl/ economies of scale 产量增加导致平均成本下降
Factory
Factory
Factory
Sole-trader
Sole-trader
Sole-trader
Firm
Firm
Firm
Fixed costs:.
Fixed costs:.
Fixed costs:.
Horizontal integration
Horizontal integration
Horizontal integration
Increasing returns to labour
Increasing returns to labour
Increasing returns to labour
Industry
Industry
Industry
Marginal cost
Marginal cost
/ˈmɑːdʒɪnl kɒst/ marginal cost 增加一单位产量增加的成本
Marginal Product/productivity
Marginal Product/productivity
Marginal Product/productivity
Marginal revenue
Marginal revenue
Marginal revenue
Monopoly
Monopoly
/məˈnɒpəli/ monopoly 市场上只有一个供应商
Normal Profit
Normal Profit
/ˈnɔːml ˈprɒfɪt/ normal profit 企业继续经营的最低利润
Oligopoly
Oligopoly
/ˌɒlɪˈɡɒpəli/ oligopoly 市场上只有少数几个供应商
Partnership
Partnership
Partnership
Primary Industry
Primary Industry
Primary Industry
Super-normal Profit
Super-normal Profit
Super-normal Profit
Tertiary Industry
Tertiary Industry
Tertiary Industry
Total costs
Total costs
Total costs
Total Revenue
Total Revenue
Total Revenue
Transnational Company
Transnational Company
Transnational Company
Variable costs
Variable costs
Variable costs
Vertical Integration
Vertical Integration
Vertical Integration
Private Limited Company
Private Limited Company
Private Limited Company
Productivity
Productivity
Productivity
Profit
Profit
/ˈprɒfɪt/ profit 收入减去成本后的剩余
Public Limited Company
Public Limited Company
Public Limited Company
Revenue
Revenue
/ˈrevənjuː/ revenue 销售商品或服务的所得
Secondary Industry
Secondary Industry
Secondary Industry
Aggregate Demand
Aggregate Demand
Aggregate Demand
Aggregate Supply
Aggregate Supply
Aggregate Supply
Balanced Budget
Balanced Budget
Balanced Budget
Budget: .
Budget: .
Budget: .
Budget deficit
Budget deficit
Budget deficit
Budget surplus
Budget surplus
Budget surplus
Circular flow of income
Circular flow of income
Circular flow of income
Direct taxes
Direct taxes
Direct taxes
Fiscal policy
Fiscal policy
/ˈfɪskl ˈpɒləsi/ fiscal policy 政府通过税收和支出调节经济
Interest Rates
Interest Rates
Interest Rates
Monetary policy
Monetary policy
/ˈmʌnɪtri ˈpɒləsi/ monetary policy 央行调节货币供给的政策
Multiplier effect
Multiplier effect
Multiplier effect
Progressive taxes
Progressive taxes
Progressive taxes
Regressive taxes
Regressive taxes
Regressive taxes
Taxation
Taxation
Taxation
Indirect taxes
Indirect taxes
Indirect taxes
Consumer Price Index
Consumer Price Index
Consumer Price Index
Cyclical unemployment
Cyclical unemployment
Cyclical unemployment
Frictional unemployment
Frictional unemployment
Frictional unemployment
Full employment
Full employment
Full employment
Gross Domestic Product
Gross Domestic Product
Gross Domestic Product
GDP per Capita
GDP per Capita
GDP per Capita
Gross National Product
Gross National Product
Gross National Product
GNP per Capita
GNP per Capita
GNP per Capita
Human Development Index
Human Development Index
Human Development Index
Net National Product
Net National Product
Net National Product
Real GDP
Real GDP
Real GDP
Retail Price Index
Retail Price Index
Retail Price Index
Seasonal unemployment
Seasonal unemployment
Seasonal unemployment
Structural unemployment
Structural unemployment
Structural unemployment
Unemployment
Unemployment
/ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt/ unemployment 有工作能力但找不到工作
Demography
Demography
Demography
Dependency ratio
Dependency ratio
Dependency ratio
Less Developed Country
Less Developed Country
Less Developed Country
More Developed Country
More Developed Country
More Developed Country
Optimum population
Optimum population
Optimum population
Over-population
Over-population
Over-population
Population pyramids
Population pyramids
Population pyramids
Under-population
Under-population
Under-population
Absolute advantage
Absolute advantage
/ˈæbsəluːt ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/ absolute advantage 用更少资源生产商品的能力
Balance of payments
Balance of payments
/ˈbæləns əv ˈpeɪmənts/ balance of payments 一国与其它国家经济往来的记录
Balancing item
Balancing item
Balancing item
Comparative advantage
Comparative advantage
/kəmˈpærətɪv ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/ comparative advantage 相对效率更高的生产能力
Embargo
Embargo
Embargo
Exchange rate
Exchange rate
/ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ reɪt/ exchange rate 两种货币之间的兑换比率
Exports
Exports
Exports
Financial
Financial
Financial
Fixed exchange rate
Fixed exchange rate
/fɪkst ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ reɪt/ fixed exchange rate 由政府决定的汇率
Floating exchange rate
Floating exchange rate
/ˈfləʊtɪŋ ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ reɪt/ floating exchange rate 由市场决定的汇率
Free trade
Free trade
/friː treɪd/ free trade 没有关税和配额限制的贸易
Imports
Imports
Imports
Internal trade
Internal trade
Internal trade
International trade
International trade
International trade
Protectionism
Protectionism
/prəˈtekʃənɪzəm/ protectionism 限制进口保护本国产业
Quotas
Quotas
Quotas
Subsidies
Subsidies
Subsidies
Tariffs
Tariffs
Tariffs
GDP
GDP
/dʒiː diː ˈpiː/ GDP 一个国家在一定时期生产的最终产品价值
GNP
GNP
/dʒiː en ˈpiː/ GNP 一个国家国民在一定时期生产的总价值
budget
budget
/ˈbʌdʒɪt/ budget 对未来收入和支出的计划
cross elasticity
cross elasticity
/krɒs ˌiːlæˈstɪsəti/ cross elasticity 需求量对相关商品价格变化的敏感程度
deficit
deficit
/ˈdefɪsɪt/ deficit 支出超过收入的差额
direct tax
direct tax
/dəˈrekt tæks/ direct tax 直接向个人或企业征收的税
fixed cost
fixed cost
/fɪkst kɒst/ fixed cost 不随产量变化的成本
income elasticity
income elasticity
/ˈɪnkʌm ˌiːlæˈstɪsəti/ income elasticity 需求量对收入变化的敏感程度
indirect tax
indirect tax
/ˌɪndəˈrekt tæks/ indirect tax 通过商品价格转嫁的税
inflation
inflation
/ɪnˈfleɪʃn/ inflation 物价水平持续上涨的现象
interest rate
interest rate
/ˈɪntrəst reɪt/ interest rate 借入资金的成本
monopolistic competition
monopolistic competition
/məˌnɒpəˈlɪstɪk ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn/ monopolistic competition 有差异产品的竞争市场
normal goods
normal goods
/ˈnɔːml ɡʊdz/ normal goods 收入增加时需求增加的商品
perfect competition
perfect competition
/ˈpɜːfɪkt ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn/ perfect competition 有很多买家和卖家的市场
price elastic
price elastic
/praɪs ɪˈlæstɪk/ price elastic 需求量对价格变化敏感
price inelastic
price inelastic
/praɪs ˌɪnɪˈlæstɪk/ price inelastic 需求量对价格变化不敏感
progressive tax
progressive tax
/prəˈɡresɪv tæks/ progressive tax 收入越高税率越高的税
quota
quota
/ˈkwəʊtə/ quota 对进口商品的数量限制
regressive tax
regressive tax
/rɪˈɡresɪv tæks/ regressive tax 收入越高税率越低的税
subsidy
subsidy
/ˈsʌbsədi/ subsidy 政府对生产者的财政支持
supernormal profit
supernormal profit
/ˌsuːpəˈnɔːml ˈprɒfɪt/ supernormal profit 超过正常利润的利润
surplus
surplus
/ˈsɜːpləs/ surplus 收入超过支出的差额
tariff
tariff
/ˈtærɪf/ tariff 对进口商品征收的税
variable cost
variable cost
/ˈveəriəbl kɒst/ variable cost 随产量变化的成本
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